使用vscode创建cmake项目

开发者联盟league

328人浏览 · 2026-07-09 15:08:40

开发者联盟league · 2026-07-09 15:08:40 发布

1.源文件

1.src/main.cpp

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    std::cout << "Hello, World!" << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

2.CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)
project(cmake-demo VERSION 1.0.0 LANGUAGES CXX)

# C++ 标准设置
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)

# 可执行文件
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME}
    src/main.cpp
)

2.初步测试

配置好CMakeLists.txt之后可以使用cmake插件执行一遍以确保cmake无误

点击快捷键Ctrl+Shift+P，输入CMake:Select a kit，选择你想要的编译器
点击快捷键Ctrl+Shift+P，输入CMake:Configure
点击快捷键Ctrl+Shift+P，输入CMake:Build
或者点击左下角的Build按键
点击左下角的执行
先在代码上打断点，然后点击左下角的调试

进入调试后可以看到Debug Console有输出stdout，Call Stack可以看到调用栈

3.创建Preset

1.创建Configure Preset

点击快捷键Ctrl+Shift+P，输入CMake:Add Configure Preset
选择Create from Compilers
选择编译器
输出configure的名字
可以看到CMakePresets.json已经被生成了
但还需要做一些修改

降低版本为6
删除install
由于gcc，g++已经在环境变量中，因此可以删除绝对路径，也可以删除.exe后缀
指定make工具，由于我已经安装了mingw，因此mingw的bin目录下有了mingw32-make.exe，当然为了方便使用，也可以将mingw32-make.exe改名为make.exe

{
    "version": 6,
    "configurePresets": [
        {
            "name": "mingw",
            "displayName": "GCC 9.2.0 mingw32",
            "description": "Using compilers: gcc, g++",
            "generator": "MinGW Makefiles",
            "binaryDir": "${sourceDir}/build/${presetName}",
            "cacheVariables": {
                "CMAKE_C_COMPILER": "gcc",
                "CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER": "g++",
                "CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM": "mingw32-make",
                "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE": "Debug"
            }
        }
    ]
}

.vscode/settings.json

注意args的–preset参数值必须与CMakePresets.json配置的configure preset的name对应

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "CMake: configure (mingw)",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "cmake",
            "args": [
                "--preset",
                "mingw"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": []
        }
    ]
}

执行task CMake: configure (mingw)
点击Ctrl+Shift+P，输入Tasks: Run Task，选择CMake: configure (mingw)，看到如下输出，说明configure成功

2.创建Build Preset

CMakePresets.json
添加这一段到CMakePresets.json，注意逗号和json格式

    "buildPresets": [
        {
            "name": "mingwbuild",
            "displayName": "Build with MinGW",
            "description": "Build the project using the mingw configure preset.",
            "configurePreset": "mingw"
        }
    ]

.vscode/settings.json
添加这一段到.vscode/settings.json，注意逗号和json格式

注意args的–preset参数值必须与CMakePresets.json配置的build preset的name对应
注意dependsOn的值必须与tasks.json里配置的configure的task的name对应

{
            "label": "CMake: build (mingw build)",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "cmake",
            "args": [
                "--build",
                "--preset",
                "mingwbuild"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
            },
            "dependsOn": [
                "CMake: configure (mingw)"
            ],
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ]
        }

执行task CMake: configure (mingw)
点击Ctrl+Shift+P，输入Tasks: Run Task，选择CMake: build (mingw build)，看到如下输出，说明build成功

4.创建调试

1 .vscode/launch.json

注意program的路径必须与CMakePresets.json配置的configure的binaryDir的路径匹配，且文件名必须与CMakeLists.txt配置的add_executable的可执行程序名匹配

{
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "Debug cmake-demo (MinGW)",
      "type": "cppdbg",
      "request": "launch",
      "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build/mingw/cmake-demo",
      "args": [],
      "stopAtEntry": false,
      "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
      "environment": [],
      "externalConsole": false,
      "MIMode": "gdb",
      "miDebuggerPath": "gdb",
      "preLaunchTask": "CMake: build (mingw build)",
      "setupCommands": [
        {
          "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
          "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
          "ignoreFailures": true
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

2.执行调试

在源文件上打断点，然后Run And Debug界面的下拉框中找到Debug cmake-demo (MinGW)
然后点击执行
在这里插入图片描述
打开Debug Console控制台看到输出，说明调试成功

5.配置多个编译器

使用clang用于编译，使用ninja作为make工具
llvm下载地址llvm release
ninja 下载地址ninja release，下载后解压，将ninja.exe放到环境变量的PATH路径中

1.CMakePresets.json

新增一个configure preset

{
    "name": "ninja-clang",
    "displayName": "Ninja with clang++",
    "generator": "Ninja",
    "binaryDir": "${sourceDir}/build/${presetName}",
    "cacheVariables": {
        "CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER": "clang++",
        "CMAKE_C_COMPILER": "clang",
        "CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM": "ninja",
        "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE": "Debug"
    }
}

新增一个build preset

{
     "name": "clangbuild",
     "displayName": "Build with Ninja/Clang",
     "description": "Build the project using the ninja-clang configure preset.",
     "configurePreset": "ninja-clang"
 }

2 .vscode/tasks.json

新增一个configure的task

 {
     "label": "CMake: configure (ninja-clang)",
     "type": "shell",
     "command": "cmake",
     "args": [
         "--preset",
         "ninja-clang"
     ],
     "options": {
         "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
     },
     "problemMatcher": []
 }

新增一个build的task

        {
            "label": "CMake: build (clang build)",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "cmake",
            "args": [
                "--build",
                "--preset",
                "clangbuild"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
            },
            "dependsOn": [
                "CMake: configure (ninja-clang)"
            ],
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ]
        }

3 .vscode/launch.json

{
  "name": "Debug cmake-demo (Ninja/Clang)",
  "type": "cppvsdbg",
  "request": "launch",
  "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build/ninja-clang/cmake-demo",
  "args": [],
  "stopAtEntry": true,
  "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
  "environment": [],
  "externalConsole": false,
  "preLaunchTask": "CMake: build (clang build)"
}

6.最终的文件如下

1.src/main.cpp

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    std::cout << "Hello, World!" << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

2.CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)
project(cmake-demo VERSION 1.0.0 LANGUAGES CXX)

# C++ 标准设置
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)

# 可执行文件
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME}
    src/main.cpp
)

3.CMakePresets.json

{
    "version": 6,
    "configurePresets": [
        {
            "name": "mingw",
            "displayName": "GCC 9.2.0 mingw32",
            "description": "Using compilers: gcc, g++",
            "generator": "MinGW Makefiles",
            "binaryDir": "${sourceDir}/build/${presetName}",
            "cacheVariables": {
                "CMAKE_C_COMPILER": "gcc",
                "CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER": "g++",
                "CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM": "mingw32-make",
                "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE": "Debug"
            }
        },
        {
            "name": "ninja-clang",
            "displayName": "Ninja with clang++",
            "generator": "Ninja",
            "binaryDir": "${sourceDir}/build/${presetName}",
            "cacheVariables": {
                "CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER": "clang++",
                "CMAKE_C_COMPILER": "clang",
                "CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM": "ninja",
                "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE": "Debug"
            }
        }
    ],
    "buildPresets": [
        {
            "name": "mingwbuild",
            "displayName": "Build with MinGW",
            "description": "Build the project using the mingw configure preset.",
            "configurePreset": "mingw"
        },
        {
            "name": "clangbuild",
            "displayName": "Build with Ninja/Clang",
            "description": "Build the project using the ninja-clang configure preset.",
            "configurePreset": "ninja-clang"
        }
    ]
}

4 .vscode/tasks.json

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "CMake: configure (mingw)",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "cmake",
            "args": [
                "--preset",
                "mingw"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": []
        },
        {
            "label": "CMake: build (mingw build)",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "cmake",
            "args": [
                "--build",
                "--preset",
                "mingwbuild"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
            },
            "dependsOn": [
                "CMake: configure (mingw)"
            ],
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ]
        },
        {
            "label": "CMake: configure (ninja-clang)",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "cmake",
            "args": [
                "--preset",
                "ninja-clang"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": []
        },
        {
            "label": "CMake: build (clang build)",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "cmake",
            "args": [
                "--build",
                "--preset",
                "clangbuild"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
            },
            "dependsOn": [
                "CMake: configure (ninja-clang)"
            ],
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ]
        }
    ]
}

5 .vscode/launch.json

{
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "Debug cmake-demo (MinGW)",
      "type": "cppdbg",
      "request": "launch",
      "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build/mingw/cmake-demo",
      "args": [],
      "stopAtEntry": false,
      "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
      "environment": [],
      "externalConsole": false,
      "MIMode": "gdb",
      "miDebuggerPath": "gdb",
      "preLaunchTask": "CMake: build (mingw build)",
      "setupCommands": [
        {
          "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
          "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
          "ignoreFailures": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Debug cmake-demo (Ninja/Clang)",
      "type": "cppvsdbg",
      "request": "launch",
      "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build/ninja-clang/cmake-demo",
      "args": [],
      "stopAtEntry": true,
      "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
      "environment": [],
      "externalConsole": false,
      "preLaunchTask": "CMake: build (clang build)"
    }
  ]
}

乐奇 Rokid 开放社区

更多推荐

Word Embedding ：从分布式假设到神经网络语言模型

Word Embedding（词嵌入）是一种将离散的词汇符号映射到连续的低维稠密向量空间的技术。在这个向量空间中，语义相似的词在几何距离上彼此接近，从而实现了从"符号匹配"到"语义计算"的跨越。核心定义词嵌入是将单词（或多词短语）表示为固定维度的实值向量，这些向量之间的距离（例如余弦相似度）反映了单词之间的相关性，这种相关性基于单词通常出现的上下文。分布式假设（1954）↓统计共现分析（LSA/S

乐奇 Rokid 开放社区

镜游小导：运行在 Rokid AR 眼镜上的景区实景讲解智能体

项目以 RokidAIUI 开放智能体形态交付：页面用.ink描述，运行在眼镜端智能体运行时，直接调用系统能力。AGENTS.md身份镜游小导v1.0.0，景区 AR 实景讲解智能体；权限（Capabilities）microphonenetworkaudiogyroscope；技能（Skills）。