zabbix邮箱告警配置

报警

触发器的通知信息显示在web管理界面, 运维工程师仍然没办法24小时盯着它。所以我们希望它能自动地

通知工程师们，这就是报警。

zabbix的报警媒介支持短信微信电话语音等。

报警过程原理

配置报警信息可以通过邮箱来实现

1、本地邮箱

2、第三方邮箱

3、第三方邮箱+脚本

前期准备环境

1、确保zabbix-server和zabbix-agent端的防火墙和selinux处于关闭状态

2、设置zabbix-server端的主机名为zabbix-server.example.com zabbix-agent端的主机名为zabbix-agent.example.com

3、分别修改server和agent1端的/etc/hosts文件

192.168.110.110 zabbix-server.example.com zabbix-server

192.168.110.30 zabbix-agent.example.com zabbix-agent

一、本地邮箱告警配置

1、安装postfix软件

[root@zabbix-sever ~]# yum -y install postfix

2.修改postfix的主配置文件,并重启服务和设置下次启动生效

[root@zabbix-sever ~]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf
在该行后面加上$mydomain
mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost,$mydomain
[root@zabbix-sever ~]# systemctl restart postfix.service 
[root@zabbix-sever ~]# systemctl enable postfix.service 
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/postfix.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/postfix.service.

3.配置触发器

4、配置报警媒介类型

5、配置用户报警媒介

6、配置动作

7、验证

[root@zabbix-sever ~]# cat /var/spool/mail/student 
From student@example.com  Wed Oct 15 15:21:03 2025
Return-Path: <student@example.com>
X-Original-To: student@example.com
Delivered-To: student@example.com
Received: from example.com (localhost [IPv6:::1])
	by zabbix-sever.example.com (Postfix) with SMTP id 5E96A224A1
	for <student@example.com>; Wed, 15 Oct 2025 15:21:03 +0800 (CST)
From: <student@example.com>
To: <student@example.com>
In-Reply-To: <107.96d4a357e7137eb31491bab13f2fd01f.1.78a7b11ffc0160b2d06c939bceb4e512@zabbix.com>
Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2025 15:21:03 +0800
Subject: =?UTF-8?B?UmVzb2x2ZWQ6IOeUqOaIt+eZu+W9leaVsA==?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Message-Id: <20251015072103.5E96A224A1@zabbix-sever.example.com>

UHJvYmxlbSBoYXMgYmVlbiByZXNvbHZlZCBhdCAxNToyMTowMyBvbiAyMDI1LjEwLjE1DQpQcm9i
bGVkIG5hbWU6IOeUqOaIt+eZu+W9leaVsA0KSG9zdDogemFiYml4LWFnZW50MQ0KU2V2ZXJpdHk6
IFdhcm5pbmcNCg0KT3JpZ2luYWwgcHJvYmxlbSBJRDogMTA3DQo=

From student@example.com  Wed Oct 15 15:22:03 2025
Return-Path: <student@example.com>
X-Original-To: student@example.com
Delivered-To: student@example.com
Received: from example.com (localhost [IPv6:::1])
	by zabbix-sever.example.com (Postfix) with SMTP id 68CB5224A1
	for <student@example.com>; Wed, 15 Oct 2025 15:22:03 +0800 (CST)
From: <student@example.com>
To: <student@example.com>
In-Reply-To: <109.96d4a357e7137eb31491bab13f2fd01f.1.78a7b11ffc0160b2d06c939bceb4e512@zabbix.com>
Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2025 15:22:03 +0800
Subject: =?UTF-8?B?UHJvbWJsZW06IOeUqOaIt+eZu+W9leaVsA==?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Message-Id: <20251015072203.68CB5224A1@zabbix-sever.example.com>

UHJvbWJsZW0gc3RhdHJ0ZWQgYXQgMTU6MjI6MDMgb24gMjAyNS4xMC4xNQ0KUHJvbWJsZW0gbmFt
ZTog55So5oi355m75b2V5pWwDQpIb3N0OiB6YWJiaXgtYWdlbnQxDQpTZXZlbml0eTogV2Fybmlu
Zw0KDQpPcmlnaW5hbCBwcm9ibGVtIElEOiAxMDkNCg==

[root@zabbix-sever ~]# 

一、第三方邮箱警告配置

1、注册163邮箱

2、开启SMTP服务和POP3服务，会生成一个授权码，需要记住这个授权码

外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传

3、修改报警媒介类型–email

4.修改用户

5.修改动作

6.用户超过5个

7.当连接数少于4个的时候，修复好了，163邮箱会再次收到修复成功的邮件

三、第三方邮箱+脚本告警配置

1、安装s-nail软件包并修改s-nail配置文件

[root@zabbix-sever ~]# yum  -y  install  s-nail
set from=15571635829@163.com
set smtp=smtp.163.com
set smtp-auth-user=15571635829@163.com
set smtp-auth-password=DXdY5dSYCreXYvhN 
set smtp-auth=login
set ssl-verify=ignore
[root@zabbix-sever ~]# chown zabbix.zabbix /etc/s-nail.rc

2、在zabbix服务端写邮件发送脚本

[root@zabbix-sever ~]# cat /usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts/mail-send.sh
messages=`echo $3 | tr '\r\n' '\n'`
subject=`echo $2 | tr '\r\n' '\n'`
echo "${messages}" | s-nail -s "${subject}" $1
[root@zabbix-sever ~]# chown -R zabbix:zabbix /usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts/mail-send.sh
[root@zabbix-sever alertscripts]# chmod +x mail-send.sh

3、测试邮箱能否接收邮件

[root@zabbix-sever alertscripts]# ./mail-send.sh 15571635829@163.com "test" "abc"
s-nail: Warning: variable superseded or obsoleted: smtp
s-nail: Warning: variable superseded or obsoleted: smtp-auth-user
s-nail: Warning: variable superseded or obsoleted: smtp-auth-password
s-nail: Warning: variable superseded or obsoleted: ssl-verify
s-nail: Obsoletion warning: please do not use *smtp*, instead assign a smtp:// URL to *mta*!
s-nail: Obsoletion warning: Use of old-style credentials, which will vanish in v15!
s-nail:   Please read the manual section "On URL syntax and credential lookup"

4、创建报警媒介类型

外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传

5、给用户添加邮箱 创建动作

6、验证–agent1连接数超过4个

外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传

7.修复好后，仍然可以接收邮件