环境

Linux版本：CentOS7.6 64位
db：192.168.90.171
web01: 192.168.90.172
web02: 192.168.90.173

服务器准备工作(三台服务器一样的操作)

1.关闭selinux

vim /etc/selinux/config 
SELINUX=disabled

2.关闭firewall，清空iptables

systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
iptables -L
iptables -F

编译安装nginx

1.下载nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz

wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz

2.解压nginx包并配置安装

tar -zxvf nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.16.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
 make
make install

3.测试是否安装成功

cd /usr/local/nginx/
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

配置db负载均衡服务器

[root@db nginx]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
＃配置域名为test.com的主机
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.test.com;
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://web_server;
    }
}
＃配置负载均衡服务器组名称和地址
upstream web_server {
    ip_hash;
    server 192.168.90.72;
    server 192.168.90.73;
}
        location / {
            #root   html;
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;
        }
[root@db ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@db ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

配置web01和web02

1.web01配置

[root@web01 nginx]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  192.168.90.172;
        root         /var/www/html;
        #charset koi8-r;
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
        
        location / {
            #root   html;
            #添加index.php
            index  index.php index.html index.htm; 
        }
 [root@web01 ~]# echo "192.168.90.72" >>  /var/www/html/index.html
 [root@web01 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@web01 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload       

2.web02跟web01一样的操作

测试

找另外一台虚拟机测试,需要在该虚拟机对192.168.90.71的域名做解析

[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.90.71   www.test.com
[root@centos7 ~]# curl www.test.com
192.168.90.73
[root@centos7 ~]# curl www.test.com
192.168.90.73
[root@centos7 ~]# curl www.test.com
192.168.90.73

总结

ip_hash测试是成功的,经过多次测试,发现一个IP仅被调度到一个服务器上,这是因为ip_hash方式为每一个用户IP绑定一个Web服务器处理,这样每个用户都固定访问一个后端服务器.