树莓派（Linux）在终端命令行中连接路由器

酸菜鱼的鱼

5900人浏览 · 2020-04-28 21:59:15

酸菜鱼的鱼 · 2020-04-28 21:59:15 发布

本文介绍了Linux系统启动后，在Linux的命令行中使用wpa_supplicant以及wpa_passphrase工具连接到指定路由器的方法。以及使用过程中的调试过程。

USB WiFi：RTL8188EUS

OS：2019-9-26 full

硬件平台：CM3+

参考：

https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/configuration/wireless/wireless-cli.md

将/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf的文件备份，使用touch命令新建一个文件/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf。

sudo su进入root用户，然后执行：

wpa_passphrase "testing" >> /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

也可以采用参考文档中的第二种方法：

wpa_passphrase "testing" | sudo tee -a /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf > /dev/null

在执行wpa_cli -i wlan0 reconfigure

出现错误：

Failed to connect to non-global ctrl_ifname: wlan0 error: No such file or directory

使用sudo killall wpa_supplicant杀死所有的wpa_supplicant进程。

在后台执行wpa_supplicant的程序，然后再开另外一个窗口，执行wpa_cli -i wlan0 reconfigure同样会有上面的错误。

使用：sudo wpa_supplicant -B -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf -i wlan0出输出如下错误信息:

wlan0:failed to initialize driver interface

继续参考：

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/WPA_supplicant_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)#wpa_cli_%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E8%84%9A%E6%9C%AC

执行：

sudo wpa_supplicant -B -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf -i wlan0 -Dwext

iwconfig发现已经连接上路由器，此时并没有采用sudo dhcpcd wlan0的方式获取IP地址的操作，ifconfig发现已经获得IP地址。

ping www.sougou.com可以ping通。

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo iwlist wlan0 scan | grep SSID
                    ESSID:"ssid"

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ 
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ 
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo wpa_passphrase "ssid" "psk" | sudo tee -a /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf 
network={
	ssid="ssid"
	#psk="psk"
	psk=22f04a83fb90fba596e030db4d4e196f7bbcef4a3c4bd62b2329339b18129359
}
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ 
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ 
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ 
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ 
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo wpa_supplicant -B -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf -i wlan0 -Dwext
Successfully initialized wpa_supplicant
rfkill: Cannot get wiphy information
ioctl[SIOCSIWAP]: Operation not permitted
ioctl[SIOCSIWENCODEEXT]: Invalid argument
ioctl[SIOCSIWENCODEEXT]: Invalid argument
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ 
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ 
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ iwconfig
lo        no wireless extensions.

wlan0     IEEE 802.11bgn  ESSID:"ssid"  Nickname:"<WIFI@REALTEK>"
          Mode:Managed  Frequency:2.447 GHz  Access Point: 3C:37:86:C3:B3:83   
          Bit Rate:72.2 Mb/s   Sensitivity:0/0  
          Retry:off   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
          Power Management:off
          Link Quality=92/100  Signal level=100/100  Noise level=0/100
          Rx invalid nwid:0  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0
          Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:0   Missed beacon:0

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ 
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ 
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ ping www.sougou.com
PING www.sougou.com (221.122.82.30) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from gino4.shubua.com (221.122.82.30): icmp_seq=1 ttl=52 time=51.0 ms
64 bytes from gino4.shubua.com (221.122.82.30): icmp_seq=2 ttl=52 time=61.7 ms
64 bytes from gino4.shubua.com (221.122.82.30): icmp_seq=3 ttl=52 time=47.6 ms
^C
--- www.sougou.com ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 5ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 47.596/53.454/61.741/6.027 ms
pi@raspberrypi:~ $